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@#Objective To analyze the correlation of family function with parenting self-efficacy (PSE) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) family. Methods Cohort study was carried out. From August, 2015 to February, 2016, caregivers of ASD children (n=142) and healthy children (n=131) were enrolled into investigation group (n=173) and control group (n=131). They were assessed with Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Tool to Measure Parenting Self-efficacy (TOPSE). Results There were significant differences in the scores of FAD and TOPSE between two groups (P<0.05). The scores of FAD were lower in the high income, urban ASD families than in the low income, rural ASD families (P<0.05). The scores of FAD negatively correlated with the scores of TOPSE in the ASD families (r=-0.152 to -0.257, P<0.05). Conclusion The family function and level of PSE of the ASD families was obviously inferior to the healthy families, and the worse the family function is, the lower the level of PSE will be. Individualized and family-centered intervention strategies should be developed to provide a good family environment for the rehabilitation of children with ASD.
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Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine in the treatment of trichotillomania.Methods 24 outpatients who met the DSM-Ⅳ diagnosis criteria for trichotillomania received fluvoxamine for 12 weeks and 17 tricholillomania outpatients weren't treated with fluvoxamine.Clinical efficacies and adverse reactions were assessed with the spence children's anxiety scale(SCAS),Kovacs children's depression inventory (CDI),clinical global impression(CGI) and treatnent emergent symptom scale(TESS) before treatment and the end of the 4th and 12th week.Results After 4 weeks treatment,the scores of the SCAS (59.75 ± 12.35),CDI (24.95±7.68) and CGI(SI) (3.79±0.93) were lower than those before treatment(71.50±20.65,31.60± 10.40,5.88±0.68 respectively) (P＜0.05).After 12 weeks treatment the scores of the SCAS,CDI and CGI (SI) were lower than those after 4 weeks treatment (P＜0.05).After 12 weeks treatment the scores of the CGI(GI) (1.54±0.59) were lower than that at the end of 4 weeks treatment (2.96± 0.69) (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Fluvoxamine has a good efficacy and higher safety in the treatment of trichotillomania.
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Objective To exam the personality traits and self-concept of school phobia patients with different academic achievements.Methods 38 school phobia patients with high academic achievement and 19 school phobia patients with low academic achievement were assessed with Eysenck' s personality questionnaire and Piers-Harris Children' s Self-concept Scale.Results High academic achievement group of psychoticism and neuroticism higher than that of low academic achievement group.High academic achievement group of Self-concept's total scores,behavior,intelligence and the school situation higher than that of low academic achievement group.High academic achievement group of anxiety scale score lower than that of low academic achievement group.The personality traits of school phobia correlated with the self-concept on some level.Conclusion Different academic achievements of school phobia patients have different personality traits and have different self-concept,so they need to individualized treatment options.
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BACKGROUND: Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation can promote the recovery of neurological function in rats with cerebral infarction, while the migratory pattern of transplanted OECs and the relationship between OECs migrated to various encephalic regions and plasticity upregulation and recovery of neurological function of the encephalic region are still unknown.OBJECTIVE: To observe the migratory pattern and therapeutic value of OEC transplantation in rats with cortical cerebral infarction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, controlled, cell transplantation observation experiment was conducted between June 2002 and January 2004 at the Laboratory of Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-San University and Animal Experimental Center of SUN YET-SEN University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.MATERIALS: Sprague-Dowley rats, 2.5-month-old, were used for olfactory ensheathing cell culture. 150 Sprague-Dowley rats,60-90 days, were used to replicate stroke-prone reuovascular hypertensive rat model using two-kidney two-clip method.METHODS: We purified OECs with differential time adherent method and labeled OECs with Hoechst 33342 before transplantation. Seventy stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats were used to prepare middle cerebral artery occlusion model.model rats were randomly allocated to 3 groups to receive OEC transplantation: peri-mfarct cortex transplantation group,contralateral cortex transplantation group and bilateral transplantation group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The recovery of motor and sensory function was observed at 2 weeks and 6 weeks after transplantation with behavior and sensory function examination; the survival and distribution conditions of transplanted ceils were observed under the fluorescence microscope.RESULTS: The recovery condition of motor and sensory function of rats in bilateral transplantation group was obviously better than that of rats in peri-infarct cortex transplantation group and contralateral cortex transplantation group (P ＜ 0.01), nerve fiber number and positive signal value of growth associated protein-43 in the marginal zone of cerebral infarction were also more than that in peri-infarct cortex transplantation group and contralateral cortex transplantation group. Transplanted cells in peri-infarct cortex transplantation group migrated to infarct and contralateral cortex along corpus callosum, transplanted cells in contralateral cortex transplantation group migrated to midline and infarct cortex along corpus callosum, transplanted ceils in bilateral transplantation group migrated along corpus callosum and could be seen in bilateral cortices while more in infarct cortex.CONCLUSION: Transplanted OECs can survive for a long time period, and these cells not only confine to injection point but also can migrate to infarct and contralateral cortex along corpus caliosum to promote the recovery of neurological function of rats with cerebral infarction, the effect is more significant in bilateral transplantation.
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Objective To observe the expression of interferon gamma receptor on neuron and astrocyte of the hippocampus of depressed rats.Methods The depressed rats were produced by separation raise and unpredictable mild stressors.Their behaviors were evaluated in open-field test.The rats underwent electro-convulsive treatment(ECT)or modified electric convulsive therapy(MECT).The expression of interferon gamma receptor on neuron and astrocyte of the hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization.Results There were significant differences among the stress plus ECT group,the stress plus MECT group,the stress plus sham electroshock group in all the three tests.Conclusion ECT and MECT can both reduce the expression of interferon gamma receptor on neuron and astrocyte of the hippocampus of depressed rats,and MECT shows more stronger therapeutic effect.Cytokine may play an important role in the pathophysiologic mechanism of depression.
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Objective: To study the mechanism of antidepressant in the astrocyte in the rat hippocampus of depression model.Mehtods: The depression model of rat was produced by separation and chronic unpredicted mild stress.The behavior was measured by open-field and fliud consumption test.The number of astrocyte in hippocampus was assessed by GFAP immunohistochemisty after intragastric administration with fluoxetine,tianeptine and normal sodium for 30 days.Results: The number of astrocyte in hippocampus was decreased in stress group compared with normal group.After administration for 30 days,the number of astrocyte in hippocampus was increased in fluoxetine group and tianeptine group as compared with normal sodium group.Conclusions: Chronic antidepressant treatment significantly increases the astrocyte in the rat hippocampus of depression model.Astrocytes may be correlated with the pathophysiology of depression.